Integrating spectral and non-spectral data to improve urban settlement mapping in a large Latin-American city     

Feilin Lai 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2020,57(6):830-844

ABSTRACT

Information on urban settlements is crucial for sustainability planning and management. While remote sensing has been used to derive such information, its applicability can be compromised due to the complexity in the urban environment. In this study, we developed a remote sensing method to map land cover types in a large Latin-American city, which is well known for its mushrooming unplanned and informal settlements. After carefully considering the landscape complexity there, we designed a data fusion method combining multispectral imagery and non-spectral data for urban and land mapping. Specifically, we acquired a cloud-free Landsat-8 image and two non-spectral datasets, i.e., digital elevation models and road networks. Then, we implemented a set of experiments with different inputs to evaluate their merits in thematic mapping through a supervised protocol. We found that the map generated with the multispectral data alone had an overall accuracy of 73.3% but combining multispectral imagery and non-spectral data yielded a land cover map with 90.7% overall accuracy. Interestingly, the thermal infrared information helped substantially improve both the overall and categorical accuracies, particularly for the two urban classes. The two types of non-spectral data were critical in resolving several spectrally confused categories, thus considerably increasing the mapping accuracy. However, the panchromatic band with higher spatial resolution and its derived textural measurement only generated a marginal accuracy improvement. The novelties of our work are with the successful separation between the two major types of urban settlements in a complex environment using a carefully designed data fusion approach and the insight into the relative merits of the thermal infrared information and non-spectral data in helping resolve the issue of class ambiguity. These findings should be valuable in deriving accurate urban settlement information which can further advance the research on socio-ecological dynamics and urban sustainability.  相似文献   

The δ60/58Ni Values of Twenty‐Six Selected Geological Reference Materials     

Weihan Li  Jian‐Ming Zhu  Decan Tan  Guilin Han  Zhouqiao Zhao  Guangliang Wu 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2020,44(3):523-535

The high‐precision δ^60/58Ni values of twenty‐six geological reference materials, including igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, stream sediments, soils and plants are reported. The δ^60/58Ni values of all samples were determined by double‐spike MC‐ICP‐MS (Nu Plasma III). Isotope standard solution (NIST SRM 986) and geological reference materials (BHVO‐2, BCR‐2, JP‐1, PCC‐1, etc.) were used to evaluate the measurement bias and intermediate precision over a period of six months. Our results show that the intermediate precision of Ni isotope determination was 0.05‰ (2s, n = 69) for spiked NIST SRM 986 and typically 0.06‰ for actual samples, and the δ^60/58Ni _{NIST SRM 986} values were in excellent agreement with previous studies. Eighteen high‐precision Ni isotope ratios of geological reference materials are first reported here, and their δ^60/58Ni values varied from ?0.27‰ to 0.52‰, with a mean of 0.13 ± 0.34‰ (2s, n = 18). Additionally, SGR‐1b (0.56 ± 0.04‰, 2s), GSS‐1 (?0.27 ± 0.06‰, 2s), GSS‐7 (?0.11 ± 0.01‰, 2s), GSD‐10 (0.46 ± 0.06‰, 2s) and GSB‐12 (0.52 ± 0.06‰, 2s) could potentially serve as candidate reference materials for Ni isotope fractionation and comparison of Ni isotopic compositions among different laboratories.  相似文献   

ROCKS & MINERALS DETERMINATION AND ANALYSIS     

《Abstract of Chinese Geological Literature》2014,(4)

正20142093Chen Daohua(Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,Guangzhou 510075,China);Diao Shaobo The Latest Progress of Geological Marine Testing Technology in China(Rock and Mineral Analysis,ISSN0254-5357,CN11-2131/TD,32(6),2013,p.850-859,105refs.)Key words:chemical analysis,China  相似文献   

The 1‐million‐year‐old quartz assemblage from Pont‐de‐Lavaud (Centre,France) in the European context          下载免费PDF全文

Jackie Despriée  Marie‐Hélène Moncel  Marta Arzarello  Gilles Courcimault  Pierre Voinchet  Jean‐Jacques Bahain  Christophe Falguères 《第四纪科学杂志》2018,33(6):639-661

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菲律宾迪纳加特岛30^#矿权区红土型镍矿床地质特征及成矿作用探讨          下载免费PDF全文

江胜国  王志刚  曹健 《地质找矿论丛》2018,33(2):299-305

30~#矿权区位于菲律宾迪纳加特岛北部,区内发育有红土型镍矿床。本次勘查圈定4处矿(化)体,其中以Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ矿(化)体的矿化范围较大,厚度变化系数为45%~50%(相对稳定),经济价值较高。红土型镍矿体平面上呈地毯状展布于地表,厚度受地形控制,富镍矿体分布于矿权区东部的5、6、11、12小区;剖面上从地表向深部矿体为铁质红土层、松散红土层及高岭土化蛇纹石化橄榄岩层。30~#矿权区红土镍矿矿床的形成经历了从普通矿到富矿两个阶段,红土镍矿石属于酸性矿石。  相似文献   

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)     

Emily Keeble  David I. Whiteside  Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

灰质背景下浊积岩储层预测关键技术研究——以NZ地区N872块为例     

隋明阳 《地质论评》2023,69(Z1):291-292

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电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定红土镍矿石中镍铬镁铝钴   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

胡顺峰  王霞  郭合颜  金伟 《岩矿测试》2011,30(4):465-468

选用王水、氢氟酸、高氯酸、盐酸对红土镍矿石样品进行溶样试验,结果表明采用王水溶解,氢氟酸助溶,高氯酸冒烟除去氢氟酸的溶样方法较好;用盐酸溶解盐类,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定溶液中镍、铬、镁、铝、钴元素,对目标元素进行了光谱干扰考察,选择了合适的分析谱线,结果表明铁会使目标元素谱线背景强度增高,采用在混合标准溶液中加入与样品中含量相当的铁可以消除基体干扰;除铬元素外其他目标元素加标回收率在96.83%～105.23%,相对标准偏差小于3.3%。建立的方法应用于标准样品分析,除铬元素外的其他元素测定值与标准值吻合较好。铬元素回收率较低,有待进一步研究。  相似文献   

重磁3D物性反演技术在金属矿勘探中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘璎 《地质与勘探》2011,47(3):448-455

解反演问题是地球物理资料处理解释的主要环节.反演就是依据已获得异常特征,结合地质和其他资料,求解地下源体的空间位置、形状及物性特征参数.随着对地质体全方位精细结构研究要求的提高,重磁等反演技术已发展到3D反演阶段.重磁反演主要有两种方法,即形态反演(建立场源模型形态单元)和物性反演(构建物性模型单元).在物性模型构建中...  相似文献   

Modelling Short‐Scale Variability and Uncertainty During Mineral Resource Estimation Using a Novel Fuzzy Estimation Technique     

Khan Muhammad  Hylke J. Glass 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2011,35(3):369-385

For mineral resource assessment, techniques based on fuzzy logic are attractive because they are capable of incorporating uncertainty associated with measured variables and can also quantify the uncertainty of the estimated grade, tonnage etc. The fuzzy grade estimation model is independent of the distribution of data, avoiding assumptions and constraints made during advanced geostatistical simulation, e.g., the turning bands method. Initially, fuzzy modelling classifies the data using all the component variables in the data set. We adopt a novel approach by taking into account the spatial irregularity of mineralisation patterns using the Gustafson–Kessel classification algorithm. The uncertainty at the point of estimation was derived through antecedent memberships in the input space (i.e., spatial coordinates) and transformed onto the output space (i.e., grades) through consequent membership at the point of estimation. Rather than probabilistic confidence intervals, this uncertainty was expressed in terms of fuzzy memberships, which indicated the occurrence of mixtures of different mineralogical phases at the point of estimation. Data from different sources (other than grades) could also be utilised during estimation. Application of the proposed technique on a real data set gave results that were comparable to those obtained from a turning bands simulation.  相似文献